Tea ceremony (Japan)

Tea ceremony (sado 茶道, Chado tea ?, road) was a traditional Japanese ritual in presents a tea for a guest. In ancient times called Chato (茶 の 湯?) or a cha no yu. Tea ceremony held outdoors called Nodate.

The tea is prepared specially by those who learn the art of tea ceremony and the enjoyed a group of guests in a special room for tea called Chashitsu. The host is also responsible for prepare the a pleasant situation for a guest like choosing frescoes (kakejiku), flowers (Chabana), and the ceramic bowl according to the season and the the status of the invited guest.

Tea is not just poured with the hot water and the drunk, but as an art in its broadest sense. Tea ceremony reflects the personality and the knowledge of the host which includes, among others, the purpose of life, way of thinking, religion, appreciation equipment tea ceremony and the how to put the art in the tea ceremony room (Chashitsu) and the wide range of general knowledge in the art that relies on the flow embraced the tea ceremony.

Art of tea ceremony requires deepening over the years with the improvement that lasts a lifetime. Formally invited guests for a tea ceremony also have to learn the manners, customs, politeness, etiquette drinking tea and the enjoying snacks are served.

In general, the tea ceremony using matcha tea powder made from finely ground green tea. Using matcha tea ceremony called matchadō, whereas when using green tea sencha type called senchadō.

In everyday speech in Japan, the tea ceremony simply referred to as ocha (tea). The term ocha no keiko could mean learning to practice the presentation of tea manners or a etiquette learning as a guest in the tea ceremony.

table of contents

     1 History
     2 Flow tea ceremony
     3 See also
     4 References
     5 External links

history

Lu Yu (Riku U) was a tea expert of the Tang dynasty in China who wrote a book titled Ch'a Ching (茶 经) or a Chakyō (English: Classic of Tea). This book is an encyclopedia about the history of tea, how to grow tea, tea history, and the how to create and the enjoy tea.

Production of tea and the tea culture began in the Heian period after tea brought into Japan the emperor sent ambassadors to the Tang dynasty. Classical literature Nihon Kōki write about Emperor Saga very impressed with the the tea are served priest named Eichu when visiting Omi Province in the year 815. Note in Nihon Kōki the first written history of tea culture in Japan.

At that time, the tea is also still a half-baked fermented teas like Oolong tea is known today. Tea made by boiling the tea in hot water and the just enjoyed in some Buddhist temples. Tea has not enjoyed in the habit of drinking tea is limited so do not have time to become popular.

In the Kamakura period, priest Eisai and the Dogen spread the teachings of Zen in Japan while introducing matcha brought from China as a medicine. Tea and the Zen teachings became popular as a key element in the spiritual illumination. Planting tea then began everywhere in line with the the increasingly widespread habit of drinking tea.

Guessing game area home drinking water developed in the Muromachi period. Guessing game called Tosui drinking water and the became popular as gambling is called Tōcha. In Tōcha, the game developed into a guessing tea brand names that are drunk.

At that time, the tea of Tang assessed at a high price. Collectors need to spend a lot of money to be able to collect the tea from China. Tea became popular among the daimyo who held a tea ceremony is a luxury to use the tea from China. Events like this tea is known as Karamono suki and the opposed by ancestors Japanese tea expert named Murata Juko. According to the Juko, liquor and the gambling should be banned from tea. Tea ceremony must also be a means of exchanging experiences between the host spiritual and the hosted parties. Tea was introduced Juko is the origin of the tea ceremony Wabicha flow.

Wabicha developed the a successful merchant from the city of Sakai called Takeno Shoo and the enhanced the student (deshi) named Sen no Rikyu in Azuchi Momoyama era. Wabicha Rikyu style became popular among the samurai and the gave birth to the famous disciples like Gamo Ujisato, Hosokawa Tadaoki, Makimura Hyōbu, Seta Kamon, Furuta Shigeteru, Shigeyama Kenmotsu, Takayama Ukon, Rikyu Shichitetsu. Moreover, from the flow Wabicha develop into new streams led the the daimyo skilled in the tea ceremony as Kobori Masakazu, Katagiri Sekijū and the Oda Uraku. Until now there is no mention Bukesadō for a tea ceremony among the samurai the style and the Daimyōcha for a Daimyo the style tea ceremony.

Until the early Edo period, a tea ceremony is mostly composed of a limited circle as daimyo and the merchants were very rich. By the mid-Edo period, the population of the city has been successful economically and the forming the upper middle class in a gang become enthusiasts tea ceremony.

Among residents of the city who are interested in studying the tea ceremony was greeted with the open arms the the flow Sansenke (three streams Senke: Omotesenke, Urasenke and the Mushanokōjisenke) and fractional flow Senke.

The popularity of tea ceremony cause the number of students becomes more and more that needs to be regulated with the a system. Iemoto Seido was born of necessity rule set hierarchy between teachers and students in traditional Japanese art.

Joshinsai (7th generation teacher Omotesenke flow) and the Yūgensai (teacher 8th generation Urasenke flow) and the senior students Joshinsai named Kawakami Fuhaku (Edosenke first generation) then introduces a new method of learning the tea ceremony called Shichijishiki. Tea ceremony can be studied the many students together with the methods Shichijishiki.

Different schools of tea ceremony trying to attract everyone for a learn the tea ceremony, so the tea ceremony has become popular throughout Japan. Tea ceremony are increasingly popular among the people has adversely affected the tea ceremony began seriously do not like playing around.

Most of the tea ceremony teacher tried to prevent deterioration in the tea ceremony by stressing the importance of spiritual values in the tea ceremony. At that time, Daitokuji temple which is the temple of the Rinzai sect was instrumental in introducing the spiritual value of the tea ceremony as well childbirth Wakeiseijaku principles derived from the tea ceremony Rikyu flow.

At the end of the Tokugawa shogunate, Ii Naosuke perfect ichie Ichigo principle (of the life of the chance). At this time, the tea ceremony is now known as Sado successfully enhanced with the the addition of real systematic procedure as Otemae (preparation techniques, brewing, serving tea) and the each flow set the style and the basic philosophy that is abstract.

Toward the end of the Edo period, tea ceremony matcha enhanced using the samurai became popular among the people because of the rigid etiquette. Society generally want the tea ceremony that can be enjoyed with the more relaxed. At that time, people began to pay attention to the regular sencha tea enjoyed everyday. Tea ceremony began using sencha also desirable crowd. Based on the request of many, pastor Baisaō known also as co Yūgai create flow with the sencha tea ceremony (Senchadō) are a well established and popular among the literati.

Feudal government in the whole of Japan is the protector of the various schools of the tea ceremony, so that financial difficulties plagued the various streams of the tea ceremony after the feudal government disbanded in the early Meiji era. The loss of financial support from the feudal government was eventually replaced the successful entrepreneurs such as Takashi Masuda then act as a protector of the various streams of the tea ceremony.

In 1906, the famous painter named Okakura Tenshin published a book entitled The Book of Tea in the United States. By the early 20th century, the term sado or a Chado started being used together with the the term cha no yu or a chanoyu.
The flow of the tea ceremony

     Sansenke - Flow started by Sen no Shoan that a child who was taken the young wife of Sen no Rikyu and the forwarded the his family line until now. Sansenke is separate from the family lineage Sakaisenke. Sansenke flow consists of:
         Omotesenke (Chashitsu name: Fushin-an)
         Urasenke (Chashitsu name: Konnichi's)
         Mushanokōjisenke (Chashitsu name: Kankyū's)
     Sōtanryū - Flow born Sensōtan (child Sen no Shoan) and his disciples. In addition to the flow Sansenke, Matsuoryū flow, flow Yōkenryū, Sōhenryū flow, flow and the flow Hisadaryū Fusairyū also still a Sotanshitennō lineage.
     Sakaisenke - Senke main family. Sen no Doan (legitimate son of Sen no Rikyu) is the successor Senke family, but his line is disconnected.
     Anraku Anryū
     Ueda Sōkoryū (founder: Ueda Shigeyasu
     Urakuryū (founder: Oda Uraku)
     Edo Senkeryū
     Enshūryū (founder: Kobori Masakazu)
     Oriberyū
     Sakairyū
     Sekishūryū (founder: Katagiri Sekishū)
     Sekishūryū Ikeiha
     Sekishūryū Ōguchiha
     Sekishūryū Shimizuha
     Sekishūryū Nomuraha
     Sōhenryū
     Sōwaryū (founder: Kanamori Shigechika)
     Dainippon Sadōgakkai
     Chinshinryū
     Nararyū
     Nambōryū
     Hayamiryū
     Fusairyū
     Higokoryū - developing flow in Kumamoto han area and the consists of:
         Furuichiryū
         Koboriryū
         Kayanoryū
     Hisadaryū
     Fujibayashiryū
     Fuhakuryū (founder: Kawakami Fuhaku)
     Fumairyū
     Hosokawasansairyū (founder: Hosokawa Tadaoki)
     Horinouchiryū
     Matsuoryū
     Mitaniryū
     Miyabiryū
     Yabunouchiryū
     Rikyūryū
     Kogetsuenshūryū

See also

     Chawan
     Chashitsu
     Roji
     Zen
     Kama
     Chakin
     Wabi sabi
     Iemoto
     Kaisekiryōri
     tea ceremony
     Korean tea ceremony

reference

     Sen Sosa, Cha no yu nyūmon: Omotesenke, Nihon Hoso Kyokai Shuppan, 1995.
     (Japan) List the name of the tea ceremony teacher
     (Japan) Glossary tea ceremony and the how to read them

external links

     (English) Introduction of the tea ceremony
     (Japanese) Official site Omotesenke flow
     (Japanese) Official site Urasenke stream flow
     (Japanese) Official site Mushakōjisenke stream flow
     (Japan) officially site association tea ceremony